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Methodology for designing objectives including a gradient lens modeled by a two-component linear model
G.I. Greisukh1, I.A. Levin2, E.G. Ezhov1

1 Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, Titova Str. 28, Penza, 440028, Russia;
2 PJSC " S.A. Zverev Krasnogorsk Plant", Rechnaya Str. 8, Krasnogorsk,143403, Russia

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DOI: 10.18287/COJ1794

Article ID: 1794

Language: Russian

Abstract:
The paper presents a technique for designing apochromat objectives with a single radial gradient-index lens the nonhomogeneous optical material of which can be obtained using an additive technology and successfully described within the framework of a two-component linear model. In this model, formulas used in the presented methodology for the dispersion characteristics of radial gradient-index lenses are obtained. The technique itself is aimed at obtaining the highest possible optical characteristics in structurally simple lenses. A distinctive feature of the presented technique is that already at the initial stage of calculating the monochromatic objective, future apochromatization is provided, which accompanies the transition to polychromatic radiation. This is achieved by combining optimization in terms of the design parameters of the monochromatic objective with the appropriate selection of two components of the composite material of gradient-index lens and optical materials of two homogeneous lenses. Recommendations are given on the use of the ZEMAX optical design program for optimization and a specialized user macro for sorting optical materials and evaluating the degree of achieved apochromatization. The effectiveness of the presented technique and recommendations for its practical use are demonstrated by the results of calculating an infrared triplet, which forms an image over the entire field with a contrast of at least 0.56 at a spatial frequency of 30 1/mm with a F/# = 0.88 and in the double spectral range (3.5-5 and 8-11.9 microns). This result confirms that, when using the proposed technique, apochromatization is not accompanied by any serious violation of the field aberration correction achieved at the monochromatic design stage, thus ensuring high image quality at a large numerical aperture.

Keywords:
additive technology, radial gradient-index lens, two-component linear model, apochromatic objective, design methodology.

Acknowledgements:
The investigation was funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation under the government project FSGS-2024-0005.

Citation:
Greisukh GI, Levin IA, Ezhov EG. Methodology for designing objectives including a gradient lens modeled by a two-component linear model. Computer Optics 2026; 50(3): 1794. doi: 10.18287/COJ1794.

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