(47-6) 09 * << * >> * Russian * English * Content * All Issues

Influence of weak injection on spatiotemporal instabilities in a broad-area vertical-cavity semiconductor laser
E.A. Yarunova 1,2, A.A. Krents 1,2, N.E. Molevich 1,2

Lebedev Physical Institute,
443011, Samara, Russia, Novo-Sadovaya Str. 221;
Samara National Research University,
443086, Samara, Russia, Moskovskoye Shosse 34

 PDF, 923 kB

DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-1288

Pages: 920-926.

Full text of article: Russian language.

Abstract:
The dynamics of a broad-area vertical-cavity semiconductor surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is theoretically investigated with due regard for the Henry factor. A linear analysis of the stability of a spatially homogeneous lasing regime is performed and the modulation instability is shown to develop in such lasers. The minimum size of the aperture at which the instability of the optical field begins to develop is determined. The results are confirmed by the numerical solution of a system of differential equations. It is shown that the suppression of the modulation instability can be achieved by injecting into the resonator an external low-amplitude optical radiation.

Keywords:
VCSEL, Henry factor, optical injection, laser stabilization.

Citation:
Yarunova EA, Krents AA, Molevich NE. Influence of weak injection on spatiotemporal instabilities in a broad-area vertical-cavity semiconductor laser. Computer Optics 2023; 47(6): 920-926. DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-1288.

Acknowledgements:
The work was partly funded by the RF Ministry of Higher Education and Science under projects FSSS-2023-0009, 0023-2019-0003.

References:

  1. Jakobsen PK, Moloney JV, Newell AC, Indik R. Space-time dynamics of wide-gain-section lasers. Phys Rev A 1992; 45(11): 8129-8137. DOI: 10.1103/physreva.45.8129.
  2. Cabrera E, Melle S, Calderón OG, Guerra JM. Dynamic transition from modelike patterns to turbulentlike patterns in a broad-area Nd:YAG laser. Opt Lett 2006; 31(8): 1067-1069. DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.001067.
  3. Pakhomov AV, Molevich NE, Krents AA, Anchikov DA. Intrinsic performance-limiting instabilities in two-level class-B broad-area lasers. Opt Commun 2016; 372: 14-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2016.03.089.
  4. Anchikov DA, Krents AA, Molevich NE. Spatially inhomogeneous pattern formation due to parametric modulation in large broad-area lasers. Computer Optics 2017; 41(3): 363-368. DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-2017-41-3-363-368.
  5. Anchikov DA, Krents AA, Molevich NE, Pakhomov AV. Spatio-temporal instabilities in large aperture lasers. Computer Optics 2017; 38(4): 681-685. DOI: 10.18287/0134-2452-2014-38-4-681-685.
  6. Krents AA, Molevich NE, Anchikov DA. Resonant excitation of transverse patterns in broad-area lasers by periodic temporal pump modulation. J Opt Soc Am B 2017; 34(8): 1733-1739. DOI:10.1364/JOSAB.34.001733.
  7. Yarunova EA, Krents AA, Molevich NE. Spatiotemporal dynamics of broad-area lasers with the pump modulation and injection of external optical radiation. Radiophys Quantum Electron 2021; 64(4): 290-299. DOI: 10.1007/s11141-021-10131-6.
  8. Panajotov K, Tlidi M, Spontaneous motion of cavity solitons in vertical-cavity lasers subject to optical injection and to delayed feedback. Eur Phys J D 2010; 59(1): 67-72. DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2010-00111-y.
  9. Kumar S. Suppression and control of modulation instability. The thesis for the Doctor’s degree of Philosophy in Physical Science. Spain; 2017.
  10. Staliunas K, Ctor V, Sá Nchez-Morcillo J. Spatial-localized structures in degenerate optical parametric oscillators. Phys Rev A 1998; 57(2): 1454-1457. DOI: 10.1103/physreva.57.1454.
  11. Michaelis D, Peschel U, Lederer F. Multistable localized structures and superlattices in semiconductor optical resonators. Phys Rev A 1997; 56(5): R3366-R3369. DOI: 10.1103/physreva.56.r3366.
  12. Brambilla M, Lugiato LA, Prati F, Spinelli L, Firth WJ. Spatial soliton pixels in semiconductor devices. Phys Rev Lett 1997; 79(11): 2042-2045. DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.79.2042.
  13. Tlidi M, Averlant E, Vladimirov A, Pimenov A, Gurevich S, Panayotov K. Localized structures in broad area VCSELs: experiments and delay-induced motion. In Book: Belhaq M, ed. Structural nonlinear dynamics and diagnosis. Cham: Springer; 2015: 417-437. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19851-4_20.
  14. Rimoldi C, Eslami M, Prati F, Tissoni G. Extreme events in a broad-area semiconductor laser with coherent injection. Phys Rev A 2021; 105: 023525. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.023525.
  15. Campillo AJ, Shapiro SL, Suydam BR. Periodic breakup of optical beams due to self-focusing. Appl Phys Lett 1973; 23(11): 628-630. DOI: 10.1063/1.1654772.
  16. Herrero R, Botey M, Radziunas M, Staliunas K. Beam shaping in spatially modulated broad-area semiconductor amplifiers. Opt Lett 2012; 37(24): 5253-5255. DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.005253.
  17. Ahmed WW, Kumar S, Herrero R, Botey M, Radziunas M, Staliunas K. Stabilization of flat-mirror vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers by spatiotemporal modulation of the pump profile. Phys Rev A 2015; 92(4): 043829. DOI: 10.1103/physreva.92.043829.
  18. Ahmed WW, Kumar S, Herrero R, Botey M, Radziunas M, Staliunas K. Suppression of modulation instability in pump modulated flat-mirror VECSELs. Proc SPIE 2016; 9894: 989406. DOI: 10.1117/12.2227801.
  19. Ahmed WW, Kumar S, Medina J, Botey M, Herrero R, Staliunas K. Stabilization of broad-area semiconductor laser sources by simultaneous index and pump modulations. Opt Lett 2018; 43(11): 2511-2514. DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002511.
  20. Medina J, Ahmed W, Kumar S, Botey M, Herrero R, Staliunas K. Spatiotemporal stabilization proof of concept of Broad Area Semiconductor laser sources. 20th Int Conf on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) 2018: 1-3. DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2018.8473604.
  21. Medina J, Herrero R, Botey M, Staliunas K. Stabilized narrow-beam emission from broad-area semiconductor lasers. Phys Rev A 2020; 101(3): 033833. DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002511.
  22. Wang PY, Herrero R, Botey M, Cheng YC, Staliunas K. Translationally invariant metamirrors for spatial filtering of light beams. Phys Rev A 2020; 102(1): 013517. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.013517.
  23. Ahmed WW, Herrero R, Botey M, Wu Y, Staliunas K. Regularization of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers emission by periodic non-Hermitian potentials. Opt Lett 2019; 44(16): 3948-3951. DOI: 10.1364/OL.44.003948.
  24. Bittner S, Kim K, Yongquan Z, Wang Q, Cao H. Spatial structure of lasing modes in wave-chaotic semiconductor microcavities. New J Phys 2020; 22(8): 083002. DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/ab9e33.
  25. Kim K, Bittner S, Jin Y, Zeng Y, Guazzotti S, Hess O, Wang QJ, Cao H. Sensitive control of broad-area semiconductor lasers by cavity shape. APL Photonics 2022; 7(5): 056106. DOI: 10.1063/5.0087048.
  26. Kim K, Bittner S, Zeng Y, Guazzotti S, Hess O, Wang QJ, Cao H. Spatio-temporal dynamics of highly multimode semiconductor lasers. Conf on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) 2020: 1-2. DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2020.SF1E.6.
  27. Takimoto S, Tachikawa T, Shogenji R, Ohtsubo J. Control of spatio-temporal dynamics of broad-area semiconductor lasers by strong optical injection. IEEE Photonics Technol Lett 2009; 21(15): 1051-1053. DOI: 10.1109/lpt.2009.2022181.
  28. Anchikov DA, Krents AA, Molevich NE, Pakhomov AV. Suppression of spatio-temporal instabilities in broad-area class-B lasers. Computer Optics 2016; 40(1): 31-35. DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-2016-40-1-31-35.
  29. Pakhomov AV, Arkhipov RM, Molevich NE. Stabilization of class-B broad-area laser emission by external optical injection. J Opt Soc Am B 2017; 34(4): 756-763. DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.34.000756.
  30. Yarunova EA, Krents AA, Molevich NE, Anchikov DA. Stabilization of broad-area laser emission by optical injection. Bull Lebedev Phys Inst 2019; 46(4): 130-132. DOI: 10.3103/S1068335619040067.
  31. Yarunova EA, Krents AA, Molevich NE, Anchikov DA. Suppression of spatiotemporal instabilities in broad-area lasers with pump modulation by external optical injection. Bull Lebedev Phys Inst 2021; 48(2): 55-58. DOI: 10.3103/S1068335621020081.
  32. Lugiato LA, Oldano C. Stationary spatial patterns in passive optical systems: two-level atoms. Phys Rev A 1988; 37(10): 3896-3908. DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.3896.
  33. Ohtsubo J. Semiconductor lasers and theory. In Book: Ohtsubo J. Semiconductor laser. Stability, Instability and Chaos. Ch 3. Berlin: Springer; 2013: 29-73. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30147-6_3.
  34. Henry C. Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor lasers. IEEE J Quantum Electron 1982; 18(2): 259-264. DOI: 10.1109/jqe.1982.1071522.
  35. Yao J, Agrawal G, Gallion P, Bowden C. Semiconductor laser dynamics beyond the rate-equation approximation. Opt Commun 1995; 119(1-2): 246-255. DOI: 10.1016/0030-4018(95)00245-4.

© 2009, IPSI RAS
151, Molodogvardeiskaya str., Samara, 443001, Russia; E-mail: journal@computeroptics.ru ; Tel: +7 (846) 242-41-24 (Executive secretary), +7 (846) 332-56-22 (Issuing editor), Fax: +7 (846) 332-56-20