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Focusing of a vector beam with C-lines of polarization singularity
V.V. Kotlyar 1,2, S.S. Stafeev 1,2, A.G. Nalimov  1,2

1 IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS,
443001, Samara, Russia, Molodogvardeyskaya 151,
2 Samara National Research University, 443086, Samara, Russia, Moskovskoye Shosse 34

 PDF, 1168 kB

DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-903

Pages: 800-808.

Full text of article: Russian language.

Abstract:
We discuss the sharp focusing of an initial hybrid vector light field of the n-th order that has n C-lines (lines along which the polarization is circular). Using a complex Stokes field, it is shown that the polarization singularity index of such a field is equal to n / 2. The initial field is shown to retain it singularity index in the focal plane. Analytical expressions are obtained for the intensity and Stokes vector components in the focal plane. It is shown theoretically and numerically that for an even-order field with n = 2p, the intensity pattern at the focus has symmetry and instead of C-lines, C-points are formed, with the axes of polarization ellipses rotating around them. For n = 4, there are C-points with singularity indices 1/2 and with a “lemon” topology. Around such points, a surface that is formed by the polarization ellipses in a three-dimensional space has a Möbius strip topology. For an odd-order initial field with n = 2p +1, the intensity pattern at the focus is shown to have no symmetry, with the field becoming pure vectorial (no elliptical polarization) and the linear polarization vectors rotating around V-points.

Keywords:
vector light beam, topological charge, polarization singularity, optical vortex.

Citation:
Kotlyar VV, Stafeev SS, Nalimov AG. Focusing of a vector beam with C-lines of polarization singularity. Computer Optics 2021; 45(6): 800-808. DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-903.

Acknowledgements:
The work was partly funded the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant #18-29-20003 (Section “Initial vector field with polarization singularity points”), the Russian Science Foundation under grant #18-19-00595 (Section “Vector field with polarization singularity points in the plane of sharp focus”), and the RF Ministry of Science and Higher Education within a state contract with the "Crystallography and Photonics" Research Center of the RAS (Section “Simulation”).

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