(48-5) 06 * << * >> * Russian * English * Content * All Issues

Using a multimode fiber to improve data transfer rates
A.L. Timofeev 1, A.K. Sultanov 1, I.K. Meshkov 1, A.R. Gizatulin 1, V.K. Bagmanov 1

1 Ufa State Aviation Technical University,
450008, Russia, Ufa, K. Marks Street 12

 PDF, 1407 kB

DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-1445

Pages: 681-688.

Full text of article: Russian language.

Abstract:
The possibilities of using spatial separation of channels in a multimode fiber are considered. When information is transmitted through a multimode fiber, a large number of errors arise due to mode dispersion, mode-to-mode interference and other sources. It is shown that if the fiber data transmission utilizes not an image corresponding to the original digital array but an image hologram, it is possible to use a specific property of holography – the divisibility of a hologram, thus ensuring the restoration of the original image from a highly distorted hologram or its fragment. The virtual optical object for which a hologram is constructed is a point source on a black background, and information is included in the coordinates of the radiation source. The result of encoding is the simplest hologram – a Fresnel zone plate, with the coordinates of the plate center carrying the encoded information. At the receiver, the purpose of decoding is not to restore the brightness of each point of the transmitted hologram, but to calculate the coordinates of the center of the Fresnel zones. This is what makes this method highly resistant to all types of distortion. A description of the numerical simulation is given, the results of which show that when moving from using a single-mode optical fiber for digital data communication to a multimode fiber for image transmission with the number of modes N=4096, a 128-fold increase in the transmission speed can be achieved, with mode dispersion distorting up to 20% of the received image

Keywords:
multimode transmission, modal dispersion, holographic coding.

Citation:
Timofeev AL, Sultanov AK, Meshkov IK, Gizatulin AR, Bagmanov VK. Using a multimode fiber to improve data transfer rates. Computer Optics 2024; 48(5): 681-688. DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-1445.

Acknowledgements:
The work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation under grant No. 24-29-00080.

References:
  1. Pauwels J, Van der Sande G, Verschaffelt G. Space division multiplexing in standard multi-mode optical fibers based on speckle pattern classification. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 17597. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53530-6.
  2. Li G, Bai N, Zhao N, Xia C. Space-division multiplexing: the next frontier in optical communication. Adv. Opt. Photonics 2014; 6: 413-487.
  3. Richardson D, Fini J, Nelson LE. Space-division multiplexing in optical fibres. Nat. Photonics 2013; 7: 354.
  4. Lei Y, et al. Space-division-multiplexed transmission of 3 × 3 multiple-input multiple-output wireless signals over conventional graded-index multimode fiber. Opt. Express 2016; 24: 28372–28382.
  5. Matsuo S, et al. High-spatial-multiplicity multicore fibers for future dense space-division-multiplexing systems. J. Light. Technol. 2016; 34: 1464–1475.
  6. Puttnam BJ, Rademacher G, Luís RS, Space-division multiplexing for optical fiber communications, Optica 2021; 8: 1186-1203.
  7. Winzer PJ, Neilson DT, Chraplyvy AR. Fiber-optic transmission and networking: the previous 20 and the next 20 years. Opt Express 2018; 26(18): 24190-24239.
  8. Lei Y, Li J, Fan Y, Yu D, Fu S, Yin F, Dai Y, Xu K. Space-division-multiplexed transmission of 3x3 multiple-input multiple-output wireless signals over conventional graded-index multimode fiber. Opt Express 2016; 24: 28372-28382. DOI: 10.1364/OE.24.028372.
  9. Rademacher G, et al. High capacity transmission with few-mode fibers. J Lightw Technol 2019; 37(2): 425-432.
  10. Turtaev S, Leite IT, Altwegg-Boussac T, Pakan JM, Rochefort NL, Cizmar T. High-fidelity multimode fibre-based endoscopy for deep brain in vivo imaging. Light Sci Appl 2018; 7(1): 92. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0094-x.
  11. Resisi S, Popoff SM, Bromberg Y. Image transmission through a dynamically perturbed multimode fiber by deep learning. Laser Photon Rev 2021; 15(10): 2000553. DOI: 10.1002/lpor.202000553.
  12. Hu S, Lin W, Liu H, et al. Reconstruction performance for image transmission through multimode fibers. Optoelectron Lett 2023; 19: 235-241. DOI: 10.1007/s11801-023-2186-y.
  13. Song B, Jin C, Wu J, Lin W, Liu B, Huang W, Chen S, Deep learning image transmission through a multimode fiber based on a small training dataset, Opt. Express 2022; 30: 5657-5672.
  14. Yong Z, Gong Z, Wei Y, Wang Z, Hao J, Zhang Ji. Image transmission through a multimode fiber based on transfer learning. Optical Fiber Technology 2023; 79: 103362. 10.1016/j.yofte.2023.103362.
  15. Psaltis D, Image Transmission Through Multimode Fibers, Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2018) 2018; paper W4J.1.
  16. Zhu C, Chan EA, Wang Y. Image reconstruction through a multimode fiber with a simple neural network architecture. Sci Rep 2021; 11: 896. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79646-8.
  17. Caramazza P, Moran O, Murray-Smith R, Faccio D. Transmission of natural scene images through a multimode fibre. Nat Commun 2019; 10: 2029. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10057-8.
  18. Pavelyev VS. Application of remarkable properties of eigensubspaces of light propagation operator in a lenslike medium for solving the problems of computer optics [In Russian]. Computer Optics 2002; 24: 58-61.
  19. Fertman A, Yelin D. Image transmission through an optical fiber using real-time modal phase restoration. J Opt Soc Am B 2013; 30(1): 149-157. DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.30.000149.
  20. Barankov R, Mertz J. High-throughput imaging of self-luminous objects through a single optical fibre. Nat Commun 2014; 5: 5581. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6581.
  21. Liu C, Deng L, Liu D, Su L. Modeling of a single multimode fiber imaging system. arXiv Preprint. 2016. Source: <https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.07905>. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1607.07905.
  22. Kakkava E, Rahmanib B, Borhania N, Tegina U, Loterieb D, Konstantinoub G, Moserb C, Psaltis D. Imaging through multimode fibers using deep learning: The effects of intensity versus holographic recording of the speckle pattern. Opt Fiber Technol 2019; 52: 101985. DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2019.101985.
  23. Borhani N, Kakkava E, Moser C, Psaltis D. Learning to see through multimode fibers. Optica 2019; 5(8): 960-966. DOI: 10.1364/OPTICA.5.000960.
  24. Fan P, Zhao T, Su L. Deep learning the high variability and randomness inside multimode fibres. arXiv Preprint. 2018. Source: <https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.09351>. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1807.09351.
  25. Rahmani B, Loterie D, Konstantinou G, Psaltis D, Moser C. Multimode optical fiber transmission with a deep learning network. Nature. Light Appl 2018; 7: 69. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0074-1.
  26. Takagi R, Horisaki R, Tanida J. Object recognition through a multi-mode fiber. Opt Rev 2017; 24: 117-120. DOI: 10.1007/s10043-017-0303-5.
  27. Leite IT, Turtaev S, Flaes DEB, Cizmar T. Observing distant objects with a multimode fiber-based holographic endoscope. APL Photonics 2021; 6(3): 036112. DOI: 10.1063/5.0038367.
  28. Du Y, Turtaev S, Leite IT, Lorenz A, Kobelke J, Wondraczek K, Čižmár T. Hybrid multimode – multicore fibre based holographic endoscope for deep-tissue neurophotonics[J]. Light: Advanced Manufacturing 2022; 3: 29. doi: 10.37188/lam.2022.029.
  29. Leonardo RD, Bianchi S. Hologram transmission through multi-mode optical fibers, Opt. Express 2011; 19: 247-254.
  30. Timofeev AL, Sultanov AKh, Meshkov IK, Gizatulin AR. Usage of holography for parallel transmission of information. Proc SPIE 2023; 12743: 1274305. DOI: 10.1117/12.2678423.
  31. Timofeev AL, Sultanov AKh. Holographic method of error-correcting coding. Proc SPIE 2019; 11146: 111461A. DOI: 10.1117/12.2526922.
  32. Timofeev AL, Sultanov AKh, Filatov PE. Holographic method for storage of digital information. Proc SPIE 2020; 11516: 1151604. DOI: 10.1117/12.2566329.
  33. Timofeev AL, Sultanov AKh. Building a noise-tolerant code based on a holographic representation of arbitrary digital information. Computer Optics 2020; 44(6): 978-984. DOI: 10.18287/2412-6179-CO-739.
  34. Timofeev AL, Sultanov AK, Meshkov IK, Gizatulin AR. Position coding as a means of increasing the range of optical communications links [In Russian]. Opticheskii Zhurnal 2022; 89(9): 75-85. DOI: 10.17586/1023-5086-2022-89-09-75-85.
  35. Timofeev AL, Sultanov AK, Meshkov IK, Gizatulin AR. Use of holographic methods of image transmission over multimode optical fiber to increase the bandwidth of fiber-optic communication lines [In Russian]. Opticheskii Zhurnal 2023; 90(10): 13-23. DOI: 10.17586/1023-5086-2023-90-10-13-23.

© 2009, IPSI RAS
151, Molodogvardeiskaya str., Samara, 443001, Russia; E-mail: journal@computeroptics.ru ; Tel: +7 (846) 242-41-24 (Executive secretary), +7 (846) 332-56-22 (Issuing editor), Fax: +7 (846) 332-56-20